什么是主动学习?
主动学习 is a term used to categorize instructional methods that engage students in the learning process through the use of active learning techniques. 学生们超越了单纯的倾听, watching, and taking notes to actively engage with course content and one another; activities may include writing, 解决问题, discussion, 或介绍(费尔德) & Brent, 2009).
There are many instructional methods that instructors can draw from to get students actively engaged in the classroom, including:
- 案例教学
- 协作学习
- 合作学习
- 翻转课堂
- 问题式学习
- 以团队为基础的学习
主动学习研究
The following selected articles provide a research-based overview of the effectiveness of various active learning techniques specific to pharmacy and health sciences education.
- Blasco-Arcas L. Buil, I.Hernandez-Ortega, B., Sese, F.J. (2013). 在课堂上使用点击器:交互性的作用, 积极的协作学习和参与学习绩效. Computers & 教育,62年, 102-110. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.019.
- Camiel, L.D., Mistry, A., Schnee, D.塔塔罗尼斯，G.塔列里，C.，再肯，K…. Goldman, J. (2016). 学生的态度, academic performance and preferences for content delivery in a very large self-care course redesign. 美国药学教育杂志，1980(4). doi: 10.5688 / ajpe80467.
- Freeman, S., Eddy, S.L.麦克多诺，M., Smith, M.K.纽约州奥科罗福市., Jordt, H., & Wenderoth, M.P., (2014). 主动学习 increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. 美国国家科学院院刊， 111(23), 8410-8415.
- Lucas, K.H., Testman, J.A., Hoyland, M.N., Kimble, A.M., & Euler, M.L. (2013). Correlation between active-learning coursework and student retention of core content during advanced pharmacy practice experiences. 美国药学教育杂志，77(8). doi: 10.5688 / ajpe778171.
- McCarty, J.P., & Anderson, L. (2000). 主动学习 techniques versus traditional teaching: Two experiments from history and political science. 创新高等教育, 24(4), 279-294.
- Stewart, D.W., Brown, S.D., Cheri W. Clavier, & Wyatt, J. (2011). 主动学习过程在美国药学教育中的应用. 美国药学教育杂志, 75(4). doi: 10.5688 / ajpe75468.
主动学习资源
The staff in the 创新学习中心 has compiled a brief list of relevant and reliable resources to describe active learning techniques and to assist faculty with incorporating specific techniques into their classes.
An Active-Learning Strategies Primer for Achieving Ability-Based Educational Outcomes
Gleason, B.L.彼得斯，M.J.雷斯曼-塔戈夫，B.H., Karr, S., McBane, S.凯利，K…. Denetclaw T.H., 2011
>> This is a pharmacy-specific resource for implementing active learning that was published in the 美国药学教育杂志.
如何将主动学习融入课堂?
密歇根大学的学习和教学研究中心
>> This two-page resource describes 18 different active learning techniques and arranges them by complexity and classroom time commitment.
让主动学习发挥作用
明尼苏达大学教育创新中心
>> This tutorial provides an overview of active learning, 克服学生抵制主动学习的建议, 管理时间和课堂的技巧, 最佳实践的例子, 以及实施策略.
设计重要学习课程的自我指导指南
>> Dee Fink and Associates.
全球十大赌博靠谱的平台协作学习空间你应该知道的7件事
EDUCAUSE 2013
>> The new classrooms in the Holland Building are collaborative learning spaces enabling the use of pedagogical methods that make it easier and more exciting for students to explore course content and engage with one another. The 7 Things document provides a brief summary of collaborative spaces and how they can benefit the teaching and learning context.
团队学习协作
>> An organization dedicated to the study and practice of team-based learning.
打造创新学习空间
Traditional teaching methods are not the most effective way to prepare learners for the 21st century; employers demand knowledge workers with critical thinking, 解决问题, and communication skills that can help employees keep pace with changes in technology and information/knowledge. 有效地将这些技能融入课程, ACPHS has created three new classroom spaces that allow students to practice, discover, and collaborate on solving real-world problems while getting continuous feedback to enhance the learning process.
吉娜驻军, Pharm D, 药学实践系副教授, 还有詹妮弗·麦克维-戴奇, PhD, 创新学习中心的执行主任, met with Dr. Greg Dewey, 学院院长, to discuss the role of these new classroom spaces in meeting the needs of 21st 世纪学习者.
与杜威对话:创新学习与课堂展示 from ACPHS on Vimeo.
问:我怎样申请教室?
A:教室申请必须发给你的系主任. The department chair will then gather all course requests and submit them to the registrar for scheduling.
问:一个房间里有多少块白板? 需要我帮他们安排吗? 他们已经准备好了吗? 它们会移动吗??
A: There are five whiteboards that are wall-mounted between the seven monitors in each room. 每个房间也有两个双面便携式白板.
Q: What happens if the person before me moves all of the 70 seats around and I need the class set up in the standard pod configuration?
A:教室的布置将由教师负责. There will be three “preferred” layouts and there will be signage in the room which will diagram those layouts. 学生将被要求协助设置. Faculty members will be encouraged to communicate with their colleagues who are scheduled in the room prior to them and after them.
问:科技如何支持活跃的教室?
A: The technology design of these spaces is intended to promote the active learning model, 在整个空间中强调小组工作和易于移动. High quality displays and robust wireless network capabilities are built into each classroom. Given that these rooms do not employ the legacy Tandberg equipment in other spaces, video connections with any other global location will be made using internet-based tools such as Blackboard, Skype, etc.
问:教师可以使用哪些技术?
A: Faculty will have the ability to not only display content on large monitors at the front of the room, but to also push that content to monitors available at each team table. 尽管讲师被鼓励动起来, a camera will be trained on the podium area for recording and internet broadcast when necessary. Hands-on technology training will be provided to each faculty member assigned to an active classroom.
问:学生可以使用什么技术?
A: Student use of the room is intended to be almost completely wireless. Access to the network and the ability to cast content from one’s personal computer to a team table monitor will all be accomplished without the need for cables, adapters, etc.
问:房间可以用作俱乐部或组织、会议等吗.?
A: These rooms can be scheduled similar to other classrooms and lecture halls on campus, 通过会议室经理. First priority will be given to class scheduling by the Registrar’s Office.
问:我如何在其中一个房间安排一个事件、活动或会议?
A: Faculty and Staff will be able to schedule these rooms for educational and/or co-curricular activities 通过会议室经理. 当这些房间没有预定时，请联系会议室经理, 学生可以像使用普林斯顿教室一样使用它们, 教职员工.
培训及支援
Pedagogical training and instructional design support are available through the 创新学习中心. To learn more about faculty training or to schedule a design consultation to explore active learning techniques, 请与创新学习中心联系 innovativelearning@4dian8.com